Skin sensitization caused by specific substances and in certain groups of people
Allergic contact sensitization, which causes allergic contact dermatitis, is a health problem in both private and professional contexts. The aim of this study is to provide an overview of sensitization to specific substances and in specific professional groups. If this data is related to the number of employees, information emerges about relevant substances and the need for regulation.
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A total of positive test reactions to 420 allergens were observed. Despite limiting exposure to nickel through EU regulations and the associated decline in nickel sensitization, nickel remains the most common contact allergen due to its widespread use, particularly in fashion jewelry. In addition to nickel, cobalt and chromate, fragrances and preservatives are among the most common contact allergens. Methylisothiazolinone (MI) is increasingly used to preserve cosmetics, which has led to an epidemic of contact allergy to MI across Europe. The largest group of patients listed in the IVDK with occupational dermatosis are healthcare workers (12.3%), mechanics (11.1%), hairdressers (6.2%), cleaners (4.7%), geriatric nurses (4 .4%), metal workers (3.8%), cooks (3.7%) and construction workers (2.8%). Allergic reactions to metals such as nickel, cobalt and chromate, preservatives such as MI/methylchloroisothiazolinone (MCI), thiurams, mercaptobenzothiazole derivatives and dithiocarbamates (three groups of gum ingredients), rosin and epoxy resin were more common in BD patients, whereas allergic reactions to fragrances were observed more frequently in non-BD patients.
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Quelle:baua.de
